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Publication

Sodium-ion Hybrid Electrolyte Battery for Sustainable Energy Storage Applications
Author
S.T. Senthilkumar, Mari Abirami, Junsoo Kim, Woo-Seok Go, Soo Min Hwang, and Youngsik Kim
Journal
Journal of Power Sources
Vol
341
Page
404-410
Year
2017
Sustainable, safe, and low-cost energy storage systems are essential for large-scale electrical energy storage. Herein, we report a sodium (Na)- ion hybrid electrolyte battery with a replaceable cathode system, which is separated from the Na metal anode by a Na superionic conducting ceramic. By using a fast Na-ion-intercalating nickel hexacyanoferrate (NiHCF) cathode along with an eco-friendly seawater catholyte, we demonstrate good cycling performance with an average discharge voltage of 3.4 V and capacity retention >80% over 100 cycles and >60% over 200 cycle. Remarkably, such high capacity retention is observed for both the initial as well as replaced cathodes. Moreover a Na-metal-free hybrid electrolyte battery containing hard ca bon as the anode exhibits an energy ~146 Wh kg-1 at a 10 mA g-1, which is comparable to that of batteries and much higher than that conventional aqueous Na-ion batteries. These results pave the way for further advances in sustainable energy storage technology.